Today, my patient started with this phrase and I explained this condition to him step by step. I told him that the first thing he should know is that Keratoconus is corneal thinning and protrusion that gives it a conical shape (called corneal ectasia). It is usually bilateral and asymmetric.
This causes blurred vision and even decreased vision during its progression, discomfort with light (photophobia) or contact lens intolerance.
The diagnosis is clinical and with a specific study for the cornea (example: Corneal topography or Pentacam).
There are different stages of Keratoconus and according to the stage, a treatment is chosen; they are from general care and the use of contact lenses, to surgery options such as Intrastromal rings, Crosslinking or Corneal transplants.
Intrastromal Rings are small devices that are implanted inside the cornea to change the shape of the cornea and prevent the progression of Keratoconus.
Crosslinking is the combination of Riboflavin (vitamin B2) with type A ultraviolet light that causes an increase in corneal collagen bonds that causes it to harden. It is indicated in cases where the progression of keratoconus is demonstrated.
Corneal Transplants are a surgical method where the cornea is replaced either completely or partially by healthy corneal tissue. It is indicated for patients where due to this disease, the cornea has become opaque.
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